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花十分鐘做計劃,一天工作效率高

放大字體  縮小字體 發(fā)布日期:2014-07-01  來源:食品翻譯中心
核心提示:研究表明,我們的意志力在一天之中會逐漸減弱,因此最好盡早處理某些富有挑戰(zhàn)性的事務,特別是那些需要注意力集中、反應靈敏的事情。 這整個計劃環(huán)節(jié)用不了十分鐘就能完成,但卻會讓你受益一整天。

If you’re working in the kitchen of Anthony Bourdain, legendary chef of Brasserie Les Halles, best-selling author, and famed television personality, you don’t dare so much as boil hot water without attending to a ritual that’s essential for any self-respecting chef: mise-en-place.

The “Meez,” as professionals call it, translates into “everything in its place.” In practice, it involves studying a recipe, thinking through the tools and equipment you will need, and assembling the ingredients in the right proportion before you begin. It is the planning phase of every meal—the moment when chefs evaluate the totality of what they are trying to achieve and create an action plan for the meal ahead.

For the experienced chef, mise-en-place represents more than a quaint practice or a time-saving technique. It’s a state of mind.

“Mise-en-place is the religion of all good line cooks,” Bourdain wrote in his runaway bestseller Kitchen Confidential. “As a cook, your station, and its condition, its state of readiness, is an extension of your nervous system… The universe is in order when your station is set…”

Chefs like Anthony Bourdain have long appreciated that when it comes to exceptional cooking, the single most important ingredient of any dish is planning. It’s the “Meez” that forces Bourdain to think ahead, that saves him from having to distractedly search for items midway through, and that allows him to channel his full attention to the dish before him.

Most of us do not work in kitchens. We do not interact with ingredients that need to be collected, prepped, or measured. And yet the value of applying a similar approach and deliberately taking time out to plan before we begin is arguably greater.

What’s the first thing you do when you arrive at your desk? For many of us, checking email or listening to voice mail is practically automatic. In many ways, these are among the worst ways to start a day. Both activities hijack our focus and put us in a reactive mode, where other people’s priorities take center stage. They are the equivalent of entering a kitchen and looking for a spill to clean or a pot to scrub.

A better approach is to begin your day with a brief planning session. An intellectual mise-en-place. Bourdain envisions the perfect execution before starting his dish. Here’s the corollary for the enterprising business professional. Ask yourself this question the moment you sit at your desk: The day is over and I am leaving the office with a tremendous sense of accomplishment. What have I achieved?

This exercise is usually effective at helping people distinguish between tasks that simply feel urgent from those that are truly important. Use it to determine the activities you want to focus your energy on.

Then—and this is important—create a plan of attack by breaking down complex tasks into specific actions.

Productivity guru David Allen recommends starting each item on your list with a verb, which is useful because it makes your intentions concrete. For example, instead of listing “Monday’s presentation,” identify every action item that creating Monday’s presentation will involve. You may end up with: collect sales figures, draft slides, and incorporate images into deck.

Studies show that when it comes to goals, the more specific you are about what you’re trying to achieve, the better your chances of success. Having each step mapped out in advance will also minimize complex thinking later in the day and make procrastination less likely.

Finally, prioritize your list. When possible, start your day with tasks that require the most mental energy. Research indicates that we have less willpower as the day progresses, which is why it’s best to tackle challenging items – particularly those requiring focus and mental agility – early on.

The entire exercise can take you less than 10 minutes. Yet it’s a practice that yields significant dividends throughout your day.

By starting each morning with a mini-planning session, you frontload important decisions to a time when your mind is fresh. You’ll also notice that having a list of concrete action items (rather than a broad list of goals) is especially valuable later in the day, when fatigue sets in and complex thinking is harder to achieve.

Now, no longer do you have to pause and think through each step. Instead, like a master chef, you can devote your full attention to the execution.

譯文:

安東尼·伯爾頓(Anthony Bourdain)是法式餐廳 Brasserie Les Halles 的傳奇主廚,還是一位暢銷書作家兼著名節(jié)目主持人。在他的廚房里工作,凡事都得守規(guī)矩,哪怕是燒開水也要注意“妥善準備”;對于一名干練的廚師而言,“萬事俱備”乃是至關重要的。

法語“萬事俱備”(mise-en-place, “meez”)是專業(yè)人士的說法,翻譯過來就是“一切準備就緒”。放到實際操作中,要先研究菜譜、清點所要用到的工具和設備、把食材按照恰當?shù)谋壤浜,然后再著手開始做菜。這是準備餐點的計劃環(huán)節(jié),在這個環(huán)節(jié)里,廚師要從整體上考慮自己想要達成的目標,制訂出一套行動計劃。

對于資深廚師來說,“妥善準備”不僅是傳統(tǒng)慣例或者某種節(jié)約時間的手段,而且是一種心境。

“水平好一點的初級廚師都要遵守這條準則,”伯爾頓在他的成名作《廚房機密檔案》(Kitchen Confidential)中寫道,“身為廚師,你的廚房、廚房的狀態(tài)和準備程度就是你自己神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的外延。……你的廚房萬事俱備,宇宙便依序而行……”

論及卓越的烹飪,名廚如安東尼·伯爾頓始終推崇這樣的觀點:計劃是制作菜肴最為重要的原料。“妥善”原則促使伯爾頓在動手之前先進行思考,免得做到一半再回頭忙亂地找東西,如此一來,他就可以全神貫注地做好面前這道菜。

我們大部分人并不在廚房工作,用不著準備食材、拿捏份量。但是,運用相似的方法,在開始行動之前從容地制訂計劃,其意義可謂重大。

坐到辦公桌前,你要做的第一件事是什么?很多人幾乎是自動地開始查看電子郵箱和語音信箱了。從許多方面來講,這是開始一天工作的最差方法。因為這個舉動劫持了我們的注意力,讓我們進入以他人事務為中心的“反應模式”,就相當于走進廚房,先去查看有沒有灑出來的水跡要擦、有沒有鍋子要洗。

比較明智的做法,是在開始工作之前設置一個簡短的計劃環(huán)節(jié),以此讓一切準備就緒。伯爾頓在開始備餐之前先把整個完美無缺的操作流程預想一遍。此法同樣適用于每一位有進取心的商務人員。坐到辦公桌前的那一刻,先假設今天的工作已然結束、自己即將帶著滿滿的成就感離開辦公室,問問自己:今天我都做了些什么?

這種練習通常能夠有效地幫助人們將“感覺上非常緊迫的任務”和“真正重要的任務”區(qū)分開來。你可以先運用這個方法來決定自己要把精力集中在哪一項活動上。

然后,制訂攻堅計劃,把復雜的任務分解成具體的行動。這一步很重要。

效率大師大衛(wèi)·艾倫(David Allen)建議,任務清單上的每一條都用動詞開頭,這樣做非常有用,會讓你做事的動機變得更為具體。例如,與其寫“星期一的講演”,不如詳細地列出要為星期一的講演做準備所涉及的每一個具體行動,寫出來可能是這樣子:收集營業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)、起草演示文稿、插入圖片。

相關研究顯示,在設立目標時對目標的描述越明確,成功的幾率就越大。預先計劃好每一步行動,還可以使這一天接下來的時間里要進行的復雜思考大大減少,并且降低拖延的可能性。

最后一步,給你的任務清單排序。如果能做到的話,把最耗心力的任務排在最前面比較好。研究表明,我們的意志力在一天之中會逐漸減弱,因此最好盡早處理某些富有挑戰(zhàn)性的事務,特別是那些需要注意力集中、反應靈敏的事情。

這整個計劃環(huán)節(jié)用不了十分鐘就能完成,但卻會讓你受益一整天。

每天上午用這樣一個小小的計劃環(huán)節(jié)做為開端,相當于把重大決策提前到精神最為飽滿的時候來處理。以具體的行動清單取代寬泛的目標清單,其重要性在稍后疲勞累積、難以進行復雜思考的時候就得以凸顯了。

事先做好計劃,讓一切準備就緒,你就不用再時時停下來思索下一步該如何行事。像個名廚一樣,專心地做好手中這道菜吧。

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編輯:foodtrans

 
關鍵詞: 效率 計劃
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