Everyone can agree that 1+1=2. But the idea that 7 is greater than 13 -- that some numbers are luckier than others -- makes no sense to some people. Such numerical biases can cause deep divisions.

    And that is what happened earlier this month in Hong Kong. Property developer Henderson Land Development Co. made news for selling a condominium for $56.6 million, a price the developer called a residential record in Asia. But after that sale was announced, the property began making news for other unusual numbers. Henderson is labeling the floors of its property at 39 Conduit Road with numbers that increase, but not in the conventional 1-then-2 way. The floor above 39, for example, is 60. And the top three floors are consecutively labeled 66, 68 and 88.

    This offended some people's sense of order. At a protest Sunday against high housing prices, Hong Kong Democratic Party legislators expressed dissatisfaction with the numbering scheme's tenuous relationship to reality. 'You could call the ground floor the 88th floor, but it's meaningless,' says Emily Lau. 'When you say you live on the 88th floor, people expect you to be on the 88th floor, not the 10th floor or something.'

    Numerology, a belief that certain digits have greater meaning beyond merely their quantity, has long been been viewed as a kind of loony uncle to mathematics. Numerologists favor or fear certain numbers depending on factors such as the sound of the words for those numbers or the letter in the alphabet they correspond to. That kind of reasoning leads some mathematicians, who are governed by numerical laws and properties, to believe they have one up on numerologists.

    But many mathematicians have their own emotional attachments to numbers that drove them to enter the field in the first place. Some will cop to having numerical crushes that might not look that different from numerologists'.

    'The idea that numbers are somehow pure and immune to superstitious thinking, because they're somehow more 'objective' than words, doesn't take into account the fact that every concept exists （in our minds） in an interconnected tapestry of emotionally and culturally charged signifiers,' Golan Levin, designer of the interactive project The Secret Lives of Numbers, which tracks the popularity of every whole number between one and one million, writes in an email. He considers most numerical superstitions harmless.

    Thomas Garrity, a mathematician at Williams College, has always had a particular fondness for the number 9. The number 51, however, doesn't make his favorites list.

    'This might stem from childhood, when I regularly thought that 51 should be prime, even though 51=3x17,' he says, taking a trip down mathematical memory lane. But he doesn't base decisions on his preferences, for instance by avoiding the 51st floor of buildings, he says. 'I can understand people having slightly irrational feelings about particular numbers,' Prof. Garrity says. 'I don't get, though, people making real decisions based on such feelings.'

    And yet some numerical superstitions do spread, especially when profits are involved. A Las Vegas casino that caters to Hong Kong high rollers also skips floors from 40 to 59, while Henderson's Hong Kong development omits the 13th floor to cater to Western tastes.

    A Henderson spokeswoman says customers 'don't want the fours and the unlucky numbers. These numbers are more interesting.'

    Henderson chose to name the floors as it did because of positive associations with 6 and 8, and negative ones with 4. In Cantonese and Mandarin, the word for eight sounds like 'faat,' which means prosperity. Hence the Beijing Olympics starting time of 8 p.m. on Aug. 8, 2008. The word for four, meanwhile, 'sounds very much like 'death,' and is therefore avoided at all costs,' says Hung-Hsi Wu, professor emeritus of mathematics at University of California, Berkeley, who was born in Hong Kong. Six is also considered lucky.

    A preference for six over four also guided developers of the 42-floor Mandalay Bay casino in Las Vegas. There, penthouses are on the 60th, 61st and 62nd floor because Mandalay Bay skips the numbers 40 to 59.

    Gordon Absher, spokesman for Mandalay owner MGM Mirage, says that decision was shaped by possible perceptions of high rollers when they are assigned to those floors. 'You could think that we are trying to, as the casino, give you bad luck,' Mr. Absher says.

    Similarly, developers who would assuage fears of 13 can't avoid the existence of a 13th floor in buildings with 13 or more stories. But they can rename it out of existence. When a 13th floor was added to the Skirvin Hotel in Oklahoma City, in the 1930s, it was named the 14th floor. The hotel was shuttered in 1988 and reopened and renamed in 2007 by Hilton, which nonetheless kept the name for the top floor.

    The 22-story headquarters of Chicago-based Marc Realty avoids throwing off the numbers in higher floors by labeling the 13th floor '14A.' It labels the 14th floor '14B.'

    'That arrangement keeps the elevations of the upper floors straight in a physical sense,' says Marc marketing coordinator Dan Krc. He adds that triskaidekaphobia, or fear of 13, appears to be fading, with floors labeled 13 in Marc properties showing occupancy rates are no lower than other floors.

    The negative associations with 13 have been traced to the number of diners at the Last Supper, before the betrayal of Jesus. Some believed it went back to prehistoric times -- the lowest number that couldn't be counted on ten fingers and two feet. （Apparently, individual toes couldn't be counted）.

    But Underwood Dudley, retired professor of mathematics at Depauw University and author of 'Numerology,' says he wasn't able to verify any of these. 'As far as I can tell, some number had to be unlucky, and it was 13,' Dr. Dudley says.

    Beverly Kay, a numerologist in Mequon, Wisc., doesn't buy fears of 13. However, she says her work reading meaning into clients' birth dates and names is consistent with math. 'This is scientific,' Ms. Kay says.

    Psychologists and historians generally have tied such beliefs to the broader human tendency to seek patterns and systems where none exist. At its extreme, an emotional relationship to a number can creep into obsessive-compulsive behavior. In his book 'Strange Brains and Genius,' Clifford Pickover dug through case studies of numerical obsessive-compulsive disorder, and found that it could be tied to just about any numeral. Electricity pioneer Nikola Tesla demanded precisely 18 clean towels a day and showed an intense preference for multiples of three.

    While mathematicians generally don't go to Tesla-like extremes, they possess a generally positive outlook about all numbers and that distinguishes them from numerologists, they say.

    For example, Kenneth Ribet, a professor of mathematics at Berkeley, considers some prime numbers 'friends,' he says. One is 144,169, which reads like 12 squared followed by 13 squared; another the easily remembered number of 1,234,567,891.

    'Mathematicians don't have numbers that they're afraid of or shy away from because we do really like all of the numbers,' says Prof. Ribet. 'On the other hand, some of us have favorites.'

    人人都可以相信，1加1等于2.但7比13好──有些數(shù)字比其他數(shù)字吉利──對(duì)一些人來(lái)說(shuō)就沒(méi)有道理了。這種數(shù)字上的好惡，可能會(huì)造成深刻的分歧。

    上月早些時(shí)候，香港就曾發(fā)生過(guò)這樣一種情況。房地產(chǎn)開(kāi)發(fā)商恒基兆業(yè)地產(chǎn)有限公司（Henderson Land Development Co.,簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)恒基地產(chǎn)）一套復(fù)式公寓賣(mài)出5660萬(wàn)美元的天價(jià)，轟動(dòng)一時(shí)。恒基地產(chǎn)說(shuō)，這個(gè)數(shù)字創(chuàng)了亞洲住宅價(jià)格的紀(jì)錄。這一銷(xiāo)售結(jié)果公布過(guò)后，整套物業(yè)又因?yàn)槠渌�引人矚目的�?shù)字，再次引起轟動(dòng)。在給這套位于干德道39號(hào)的樓盤(pán)編制樓層號(hào)碼時(shí)，恒基沒(méi)有遵循傳統(tǒng)的一二三遞增的方式。比如，39樓上面就是60樓。最頂三層的號(hào)碼，分別是66樓，68樓和88樓。

    在拉斯維加斯，像7這樣的幸運(yùn)數(shù)字很受歡迎。圖為2007年7月7日，很多情侶在曼德勒海灣酒店排隊(duì)等待舉行婚禮。這侵犯了一些人的秩序感。周日（10月25日）抗議高房?jī)r(jià)的過(guò)程中，一些香港民主黨立法會(huì)議員對(duì)這種牽強(qiáng)附會(huì)的編號(hào)方案表達(dá)了不滿(mǎn)。劉慧卿說(shuō)，你可以把底樓叫做88樓，但沒(méi)有意義。你說(shuō)你住88樓，人們都以為你住88樓，而不是10樓什么的。

    數(shù)字命理學(xué)（Numerology）相信，某些數(shù)字在表示數(shù)量之外，還有更多的意義。很久以來(lái)，這種信念都被數(shù)學(xué)家打入另冊(cè)。根據(jù)數(shù)字的讀音或字母表中跟數(shù)字對(duì)應(yīng)的字母，數(shù)字命理學(xué)家對(duì)某些數(shù)字的態(tài)度或褒或貶。這樣一種邏輯，讓頭腦中只有數(shù)理規(guī)律與屬性的數(shù)學(xué)家們覺(jué)得，自己要比數(shù)字命理學(xué)家高明。

    但很多數(shù)學(xué)家對(duì)于起初促使他們進(jìn)入這個(gè)領(lǐng)域的那些數(shù)字，也存在一些愛(ài)憎。一些人也會(huì)出現(xiàn)數(shù)理邏輯上的矛盾，跟數(shù)字命理學(xué)家們的錯(cuò)誤比起來(lái)，差別也不是那么大。

    《數(shù)字的秘密人生》（The Secret Lives of Numbers）設(shè)計(jì)者列文（Golan Levin）在電子郵件里寫(xiě)道，有人認(rèn)為，數(shù)字多少是純粹的、與迷信思維無(wú)涉，因?yàn)橄啾日Z(yǔ)詞，它們總要"客觀(guān)"些，但這樣的觀(guān)念沒(méi)有考慮到，每一個(gè)觀(guān)念，都是以富含情感與文化的各種信號(hào)所織成的錦緞的形式存在于我們的大腦中的�！稊�(shù)字的秘密人生》是一個(gè)互動(dòng)項(xiàng)目，跟蹤1到100萬(wàn)之間每一個(gè)整數(shù)的受歡迎程度。

    威廉姆斯學(xué)院（Williams College）數(shù)學(xué)家嘉里蒂（Thomas Garrity）對(duì)數(shù)字9一直有著一種特殊的喜愛(ài)。但數(shù)字51卻不在他的喜好之列。

    他回憶自己的數(shù)學(xué)之路說(shuō)，這可能跟我小時(shí)候有關(guān)，當(dāng)時(shí)我經(jīng)常以為51應(yīng)該是質(zhì)數(shù)，雖然51=3×17.但他說(shuō)，自己不會(huì)以自己的好惡來(lái)做決定，比如說(shuō)是避開(kāi)大樓里的第51樓。嘉里蒂教授說(shuō)，我可以理解人們對(duì)某些數(shù)字的一些細(xì)微的非理性情感，不過(guò)我不能理解人們以這樣的情感為基礎(chǔ)來(lái)做真正的決定。

    但某些數(shù)字迷信還是被擴(kuò)大化，特別是在涉及利潤(rùn)的時(shí)候。當(dāng)香港恒基為迎合西式口味省掉13樓時(shí)，拉斯維加斯一家賭場(chǎng)為迎合香港賭客，樓層編號(hào)也略過(guò)了40到59樓。

    恒基一位女發(fā)言人說(shuō)，客戶(hù)不喜歡帶4的數(shù)字和不吉利的數(shù)字。這些數(shù)字有著更為豐富的蘊(yùn)涵。

    恒基所以按照它的方式編制樓層號(hào)碼，是因?yàn)?和8能引起積極聯(lián)想，4會(huì)引起消極聯(lián)想。加州大學(xué)伯克利分校（University of California, Berkeley）名譽(yù)數(shù)學(xué)教授伍鴻熙（Hung-Hsi Wu）說(shuō)，在粵語(yǔ)和普通話(huà)中，8讀起來(lái)像發(fā)財(cái)?shù)?quot;發(fā)".因?yàn)檫@個(gè)原因，北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)開(kāi)幕選在了2008年8月8日的晚上8點(diǎn)。而數(shù)字4聽(tīng)起來(lái)很像"死",所以人們會(huì)不顧一切地避免。6也被認(rèn)為是吉利數(shù)字。

    對(duì)6的偏愛(ài)和對(duì)4的排斥，影響了拉斯維加斯42層樓高的賭場(chǎng)曼德勒灣 （Mandalay Bay）的開(kāi)發(fā)商。這里的頂層都被命名為60層，61層和62層，因?yàn)樗�略過(guò)了40到59.

    曼德勒灣業(yè)主美高梅金殿夢(mèng)幻（MGM Mirage）發(fā)言人阿布謝（Gordon Absher）表示，這種決定緣于賭客被安排到這些樓層時(shí)可能有的一些觀(guān)念。他說(shuō)，你可能會(huì)覺(jué)得，我們作為賭場(chǎng)想給你帶來(lái)厄運(yùn)。

    同樣，希望減輕人們對(duì)13的恐懼的開(kāi)發(fā)商，不能夠避免一幢樓層數(shù)目不低于13的大樓里存在第13樓。但他們可以通過(guò)命名來(lái)讓"13"消失。上世紀(jì)30年代，俄克拉荷馬城（Oklahoma City）的Skirvin酒店加蓋第13層的時(shí)候，這層樓被命名為14樓。這座酒店在1988年停止?fàn)I業(yè)，2007年被希爾頓（Hilton）收購(gòu)后重新開(kāi)張和命名，不過(guò)頂層的編號(hào)仍然沒(méi)有變化。

    芝加哥（Chicago）22層樓的Marc Realty則把第13層樓命名為"14A",把第14層命名為"14B".這樣就沒(méi)有讓上面的樓層名不副實(shí)。

    Marc營(yíng)銷(xiāo)協(xié)調(diào)人克爾奇（Dan Krc）說(shuō)，這種安排讓上面的樓層高度以一種直觀(guān)的方式呈現(xiàn)。他說(shuō)，"13恐懼癥"似乎正在消失，Marc物業(yè)中被標(biāo)為13樓的樓層，入住率并不比其他樓層低。

    數(shù)字13引起的負(fù)面聯(lián)想，源自于耶穌遭背叛前夕"最后的晚餐"當(dāng)中的就餐者人數(shù)。而一些人相信，這種聯(lián)想要追溯到史前時(shí)代──13是不能用十指或兩只腳數(shù)盡的最小數(shù)目（顯然腳趾頭不算）.

    但迪普奧大學(xué) （Depauw University） 退休數(shù)學(xué)教授、《數(shù)字命理學(xué)》作者達(dá)德利（Underwood Dudley）表示，他無(wú)法對(duì)這些說(shuō)法予以證實(shí)。達(dá)德利博士說(shuō)，據(jù)我所知，必須有某個(gè)數(shù)字是不吉利的，而這個(gè)數(shù)字就是13.

    美國(guó)威斯康星州梅庫(kù)恩（Mequon, Wisc.）的數(shù)字命理學(xué)家凱（Beverly Kay）并不害怕13.不過(guò)她說(shuō)，她為顧客的生日和姓名賦予意義的工作，與數(shù)學(xué)是相通的。凱女士說(shuō)，這是科學(xué)。

    心理學(xué)家和歷史學(xué)家一般都試圖把這種信念跟人類(lèi)的一種普遍傾向聯(lián)系起來(lái)，這種傾向就是在不存在類(lèi)型和系統(tǒng)的地方尋找類(lèi)型和系統(tǒng)。在極端情況下，數(shù)字的情感聯(lián)想可能會(huì)潛入強(qiáng)迫性的行為。在《數(shù)字的異想世界》（Strange Brains and Genius）一書(shū)中，皮寇弗（Clifford Pickover）深入研究了數(shù)字性強(qiáng)迫性紊亂的各種案例，發(fā)現(xiàn)這種紊亂可以跟任何數(shù)字發(fā)生聯(lián)系。電子學(xué)先驅(qū)臺(tái)斯拉（Nikola Tesla）每天要用18塊干凈毛巾，并對(duì)3的倍數(shù)顯示了強(qiáng)烈的偏好。

    數(shù)學(xué)家一般不會(huì)達(dá)到臺(tái)斯拉這樣的極端，他們認(rèn)為，他們對(duì)所有數(shù)字是一視同仁的，而這把他們和數(shù)字命理學(xué)家們區(qū)別開(kāi)來(lái)。

    例如加州大學(xué)伯克利分校教授里貝（Kenneth Ribet）就說(shuō)，他把一些質(zhì)數(shù)視為"朋友".其中一個(gè)是144,169,就像是12的平方跟了一個(gè)13的平方。另外一個(gè)比較容易記住的數(shù)字是1,234,567,891.

    里貝教授說(shuō)，數(shù)學(xué)家并沒(méi)有怕見(jiàn)到或不愿見(jiàn)到的數(shù)字，因?yàn)槲覀儗?duì)所有數(shù)字真的都很喜歡。他說(shuō)，另一方面，我們當(dāng)中一些人確實(shí)偏愛(ài)一些數(shù)字。